By Christine Orchanian Adler
On July 11, 1761, John Avery stood on the crowded dock at Boston Harbor, eyeing potential customers. A cargo of slaves he had advertised for weeks had arrived from West Africa on the schooner Phillis. Having already seen the slaves, he knew there were too many women and children. When he found a buyer for a young, thin girl of about seven, he was likely thrilled. Unknown to all, this girl, wrapped only in a piece of carpet would soon become a pioneer for both African-American slaves and women of all ethnic backgrounds in literature.
Susannah Wheatley was the wife of John Wheatley, a wealthy Boston tailor. Now over 50, with grown daughters and aging servants, her goal that summer day was to find a young female slave she could train to be a domestic servant and companion in her later years. Drawn to the sickly girl, Susannah purchased her for a pittance and named her Phillis Wheatley. Phillis taken from the ship that marked her arrival to the United States and Wheatley being the family, which was customary of the times.